Koval V. The influence of toxic agents of different chemical types on the morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of scaly carp in wintering conditions

The research deals with the comprehensive study of the influence of abiotic (decrease of temperature, winter starvation) and anthropogenic factors of the aquatic environment (toxic agents of different types) on the morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of scaly carp. It was found that the influence of toxic agents on morphological and biochemical parameters of scaly carp depends on the chemical nature of the pollutant. If the toxicosis had been caused by the influence of phenol, ions of heavy metals or ammonia for fourteen days, it did not lead to quantitative changes of the morphological parameters and exterior. However qualitative changes in organs and tissues were observed. The biggest changes in the appearance of liver, spleen and gill apparatus of fish were caused by ions of heavy metals such as lead and copper. Toxic impact of ammonia, phenol and ions of heavy metals to a large extent was determined by the period of winter starvation of fish, because the seasonal factors change the directions in the energy part of fish metabolism. In the middle of winter the response of the body to the toxic agents in the water environment (in the form of changes in enzyme activity) was the least. It can be explained by masking of the toxic effect under the influence of water temperature decrease.