Martseniuk V. Features of the regulation of energy supply of fish adaptation to the action of abiotic and anthropogenic factors

Based on the study of physiological and biochemical indicators of fish defined that specific reactions of carp , perch and dace specious on the effect of high mineralization and temperature of water, as well as its pollution with toxicants of anthropogenic origin. It is shown that these types of fish, involve various compensatory mechanisms for counteraction to unfavorable factors, with the most significant restructuring of the energy exchange in the body of fish that causes by increasing of water temperature. A special role in this adaptation is played by the activation of alternative ways of energy generation. Hormonal and enzymatic regulation data were obtained during the processes of fish energy exchange due to changes in temperature and mineralization of water. Investigation results indicate that the primary reaction of different fish species to the increasing the temperature of the water effect, may vary significantly. It is confirmed that the carp against to the high temperature of the water activates the processes of a cycle of tricarboxylic acids in tissues, perch and dace - anaerobic breathing. It is predicted that the combined effect of the investigated factors can lead to critical exhausting of energy resources of poorly adapted fish species, and lead to a decrease of their viability. The received results can be used in industrial forecasting stocks and fish productivity of reservoirs. Indicators of energy indexes and content of adenyl nucleotides in fish tissues, can be used to normalize sewage discharges, in order to prevent negative impacts on it's populations.