Dmytryshyn Y. Khelmno (Kulm) law and its application in Ukraine (XIII – first half of XIX century).

On the basis of analysis of scientific literature and archival materials the legal nature, the history of formation, development and spreading of Khelmno (Kulm) law in Central and Eastern Europe, Prussia (nowadays Germany, Poland and Russia) Poland and Ukraine are investigated. Khelmno (Kulm) law along with neumark law is a kind of Magdebourg law. It emerged in Prussia in the State of the Teutonic order and spread to neighbouring lands of Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine. The order state system needed legal registration that stipulated the emergence of Kulm law based on more ancient Magdebourg law. Kulm law, in turn, became a legal instrument in the process of colonization of the Prussian lands. The basis of Kulm law was a privilege that was given out by the Grand Master of the Teutonic order Hermann von Salza and landmeister of Prussia Herman von Balk on 28 December 1233, which became known as Khelmno (Kulm) charter. The structure of organs of self-government of the cities based on Khelmno law is determined and analysed on the example of the city Torun. The sources of Khelmno law and their codification (revisions) are analysed. The role of Khelmno law in the codification of Ukrainian law of XVIII – first half of XIX century is found out.