The thesis deals with the solution of the urgent problem in the field of the environmental safety - the evaluation of the changes in the state of natural complexes as a result of military operations and the development of measures to restore disturbed soil and to improve water resources of the country. To study the peculiarities of the military operations impact on the natural complexes, the field studies and the observations of 30 pilot sites, which differ in geologic, geomorphologic and soil-vegetative relations, were carried out. Thus, depending on the degree of the military impact, the non-disturbed, slightly disturbed, disturbed, highly disturbed and extremely disturbed areas were identified. Taking into account the degree of the disturbance, the sketch map was created, which shows the spatial differentiation of the territory according to the degree of disturbance. The research of soils in areas of military operations was held by lying of pair sections on disturbed areas and on slopes of defense lines, trenches and bomb craters. Research of physical properties of soils showed substantial change of density throughout the height of sections, agitation of soil horizons, presence of particulate matters - debris, cases and garbage on disturbed areas. On disturbed areas quantity of humus has decreased greatly, values of pH have increased and non-uniform content of moving forms of potassium(K) and phosphorus (P) is observed. Erosion processes hold more intensively on disturbed areas. All represented data showed degradation of soil cover in areas of military operations. Mining of large areas caused expulsion from rotation of agricultural lands, decrease in the recreation importance of landscapes, soil disturbance, fishes and animals kill. Disturbance of soils leads to water-bearing horizons decline, filter pollution of ground waters, occurring because of treatment facilities destruction. Researches showed sufficient operating efficiency of treatment facilities and tertiary treatment plants of drinking water. Pollution of water supply surface sources is observed because of absence of enough number of treatment facilities. Research of underwater quality showed unfitness of water for drinking because of its salinity. Acceptability appraisal of underwater for irrigation was conducted according to classifications Richard and Wilcox. Researches showed suitability of most sources for use in agriculture. To raise the level of economic security the recommendations on renewal of disturbed territories depending on the degree of disturbance were developed. Landscape melioration and optimization are recommended for slightly disturbed territories, improvement and melioration - for disturbed and highly disturbed territories, recultivation - for extremely disturbed territories. Water should be exposed to electromagnetic field to improve quality of water supply sources. The research showed that electromagnetic processing led to improvement of physical and chemical properties of water: yellow color and odor nuisance disappeared, muddiness and hardness diminished, acid properties changed to neutral, salinity dropped. Thus, water can be more widely used in agriculture and everyday life.
