Totskiy V. Forming productivity of sunflower hybrids depending on farming techniques in left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine

Study object – processes of growth, plant development, yield formation and quality of sunflower seeds, depending on the agromethods . Goal – to define characteristics of the productivity formation in sunflower hybrids depending on the sowing terms, plant density and mineral fertilizers in the left-bank forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Methods – field work; weight measuring; morphophysiological studying, laboratory techniques, comparative calculations; mathematical and statistical tools. Results: we determined optimal sowing terms, plant density and mineral nutrition quantity for the new sunflower hybrids, the use of which provides a yield at the level of 3.0-3.5 t per ha. Top study variants were tested on the production farms of Poltava region in 2010-2011 on an 160 ha area, Sowing in the second term (April 30) with plant density of 40 thousand plants per ha and mineral fertilizers application with the dose N30R40 and N40R60 hybrids Nadiyny, Zaporizhskiy 28, Sava ensured yield of 2.82 t per ha, 3.04 t per ha and 3.28 t per ha and net income of 7564 UAH per ha; 5840 UAH per ha and 6374 UAH per ha, respectively. Novelty: it was the first time for the left-bank forest-steppe zone of Ukraine that the optimum sowing terms and plant population of new sunflower hybrids Nadiyny, Zapirzhskiy 28 and Sava were set. The influence of mineral nutrition quantities on growth and development of plants and the formation of sunflower productivity was determined. The experimental data on the impact of agricultural practice elements on yield structure, plant water usage, yield, seed oil content and oil yield per area unit has scientific value. We substantiated economic and bioenergetic efficiency of studied agromethods. Industry - agriculture.