Petik I. Technology alkaline neutralization of fats in the water-glycerol-etanol

The object of study : the process of alkaline neutralization of fats in a solvent system water-glycerol-ethanol (VGE) . The purpose of the study: scientific ground and development of technology of alkaline neutralization of fats in the solvent system water - glycerol -ethanol , which will provide the most efficient separation of the phases , the minimum loss of neutral fat and more streamlined processing of secondary products - soap stock . Methods: Standard techniques , the method of gas-liquid chromatography, accelerated method of "active oxygen", gravimetric method , mathematical methods using a software package Statistica, Mathcad, Matlab and Misrosoft the Excel . Theoretical and practical results: The flow chart of alkaline neutralization of fats in the VGE and processing of secondary products (soap stock) to produce liquid soap, development of mathematical models that can efficiently control the process of alkaline neutralization of fats in the VGE; draft specification TU " liquid soap -based soapstock ". Scientific novelty: for the first time identified a number of laws : for the scientific substantiation of rational composition of VGE received its quantitative dependence of the surface tension and density on the concentration of the components; proposed alkaline neutralization process of fats in soap and alkaline environment to exercise in the water- glycerol -ethanol in the ratio of the components , respectively, as 30:40:30 ; experimentally found that the alkali neutralization of fats in the VGE reduced the content of secondary oxidation products , which improves the quality parameters of neutralized fat, to obtain the temperature dependence of the solubility of the sodium salts of high-melting and low-melting fatty acids in the VGE , discovered the effect of increasing the solubility sodium salts of fatty acids in high-melting system VGE in the presence of sodium salts of fatty acids, low-melting , the fundamentals of a new method of processing by-products of the process of alkaline neutralizing fats to produce liquid soap , created a series of statistical mathematical models to predict the performance of alkaline neutralization of fats in the VGE . The degree of implementation: the developed process flow diagram of alkaline neutralization system VGE has been tested in an industrial environment JSC "Kharkiv zhirkombinat ", Kharkov, and is used in the educational process technology department of fat and fermentation products of NTU "KPI" with training in the direction 6.051701 "Food Technology and Engineering "specialty 7.05170102 " technology of fats and fat substitutes " in the teaching of subjects " technology industry " and" Modern trends in the development of technologies for processing fats , " and in the course and diploma design . Scope of application: the oil branch and adjacent to it.