Andrusevich Y. The peculiarities of protein and si/miRNA synthesis at increase of resistance of plant cells to phytopathogenic organisms with use of polycomponent growth regulators

The results of investigations of the cellular mechanisms of action of new polycomponent growth regulators with natural and microbiological origin on acceleration of plant growth in postembryonic period and throughout their vegetation, and also stimulating effect of growth regulators on increase in plant cells of small regulatory si/miRNA synthesis with immunoprotective properties against pathogenic organisms are presented. The substantial increase of stability of some crops to wreckers and pathogenic organisms is established after plant stimulation by growth regulators in field and greenhouse experiments: Regoplant (up to 98 %), Stimpo (up to 89 %) and Radostim (up to 74 %) during preseeding treatment of seeds and spraying of crops during vegetation period which promoted preservation of a crop more than on 80 % comparatively with control. In greenhouse and laboratory experiments it is shown that polycomponent regulators Biogen, Stimpo and Regoplant due to indexes of germination and sprouts development considerably increase (~ up to 35-70 %) resistance of a sugar beet to nematodes H. schachtii and M. incognita. With method Dot-blot hybridization mRNA with si/miRNA and study of silencing activity si/miRNA in cell-free system of protein synthesis it is shown the first that resistance of sugar beet plants to nematodes H. schachtii and M. incognita it is reached by stimulation by growth regulators of synthesis in plant cells of antinematodic si/miRNA. It is investigated the impact of new growth regulators on the basis of metabolites of soil streptomycetes - Averkom and its derivatives on induction of biosynthesis of immunoprotective small regulatory si/miRNA in wheat plants of Grizo cultivar and cucumber plants of Nezhinsky cultivar which were grown up in the presence of pathogenic micromycete F. oxysporum n.33 and gallic nematode M. іncognita in greenhouse and laboratory conditions. With method Dot-blot hybridization mRNA with si/miРНК it is set that these regulators change degree of homology si/miРНК of the infected plants according to mRNA of control plants in a range from 6 to 23 %. The obtained changes in degree of homology, specify that increase of plant resistance to pathogenic and parasitic organisms by growth regulators with microbiological origin is carried out by the way of induction of synthesis in plant cells of small regulatory si/miRNA with antipathogenic and antiparasitic activity.