Melnyk O. Substantiation of methodic approaches to diagnosis and prophylaxis of occupational bronchopulmonary dust pathology in workers of foundry production.

The dissertation is dedicated to evaluation of hygienic conditions peculiarities in foundry production of machine-building industry in Kharkiv region aiming on enhancement of etiopathogenetic diagnosis, prophylaxis of pneumoconiosis and chronic dust bronchitis. Workers hygienic work conditions and work activity character indicate the specific complex of hazardous industrial factors: dust, noise, vibration, microclimate, and also work process factors - difficulty and intensity of work. Uncomfortable industrial environment counducts negative influence on an organism, worsening psychophysiological state, decreasing workability of workers and their health. Serious disturbances of actual nutrition organization in workers with dust diseases of bronchopulmonary system are present. Autoimmune development mechanisms prevail in patients with pneumoconiosis, intensity of inflammatory and destructive-degenerative processes is revealed in patients with chronic dust bronchitis. Both in pneumoconiosis and chronic dust bronchitis elevation of blood proteins oxidative modification, lipid peroxidation, endogenous intoxication develop on the background of buccal epithelium nuclei electronegativity decrease. In chronic dust bronchitis the development of destructive processes in bronchopulmonary connective tissue structures dominate, in pneumoconiosis - fibrogenesis on the background of dysbalance in proteinase-inhibiting system, between anabolic and catabolic processes. Use of biochemiluminescent and phosphorescent methods of investigation is reasonable for diagnosis of dust respiratory diseases. Informative parameters for pre-nosological diagnosis of dust bronchopulmonary diseases, prognosis criteria for workers health state evaluation were defined. Complex of measures aimed on work conditions improvement, occupational morbidity decrease in machine-building plants foundry production was proposed.