Kulyk I. Optimization the farming practices of oats and spring barley growing in the northern Steppe of Ukraine

Object of study - optimization of growth, development and yield formation and grain quality of oats and spring barley depending on predecessor, macro- and micronutrients in the northern Steppe of Ukraine. Purpose - optimize and recommend for agricultural production new, advanced agronomic measures cultivation of oats and spring barley on the basis of differential application of fertilizers and micronutrients after different predecessors that provide increased productivity and improved grain quality. Methods – field; laboratory; measuring and weighing; calculating and comparative; mathematical-statistical. Results: the optimal parameters of elements of the technology of cultivation of oats and spring barley that improve and stabilize their yield at the level of 3,55 and 3,27 t/ha of high-quality grains, respectively. The proposed elements of the technology tested in a production environment and put into agricultural enterprises of different ownership forms Dnipropetrovsk region an area of over 4,5 hectares. A reliable increase in grain yield of spring barley and oats in the application of the developed technology reached 0.78 and 0.56 t/ha compared to the generally accepted technology. Novelty - for the first time for northern temperate arid Steppe subzone established patterns of growth and development, the formation of productive stand density, yield and grain quality of oat varieties Skakun and spring barley varieties Galaxies, depending on the precursor (winter wheat, corn, sunflower); dose, timing and methods of use of macro-and micronutrients. The scientific value are the experimental data studied the impact of farming practices on the photosynthetic capacity of crops, crop structure elements oats and spring barley, the degree of development and the spread of diseases, pests and weeds in spring cereals agrocenoses. Cost-effectiveness of improved technology elements growing oats and spring barley determined. Sector – agriculture.