Palchuk N. The formation of the grain productivity of the winter wheat depending on a grade, predecessor and mineral nutrition in the northern Steppe

The object of research - the formation of yield and grain quality of winter wheat in different biological breeds depending on precursors and mineral nutrition level in terms of northern Steppe of Ukraine. The aim is to improve technological elements of growing and improving the efficiency of modern varieties ( Zira, Zamozhnist and, Roskishna ), after predecessors: autumn fallow, soybean, and spring barley in the conditions of northern steppe. Methods of research. Standard methods of research were applied during study in the implementation of commonly used research methods: field ? to monitor the growth and development of plants, determine yield breeds; visual ? for establishing phenological changes in plant growth and development; measuring and weight ? to determine the winter wheat productivity; physiological ? to determine the photosynthetic plants activity of different winter wheat breeds; thermostatic and weight ? to determine the deposit of productive moisture and consumptive use of moisture during the growing season. Also there was used the statistical method – for validity of the research results, calculated and comparative ? to determine the economic efficiency of the studied factors. Novelty – for the first time for a northen steppe there was set patterns of yield generation and grain quality indicators of modern breeds Zira, Zamozhnist and Roskishna when growth in different agrochemical backgrounds on autumn fallow, after soybeans and summer barley. There was improved the system of winter wheat fertilizing by optimizing of doses and usage term of mineral fertilizers based on their individual response and predecessors features. It was entered further development of the theoretical foundation for applying new breeds, depending on precursors and mineral nutrition level, for realizing their genetic potential in the area of the northern steppe. The practical importance of results. Based on the results of researching the production is recommended of technological system of winter wheat growth, which gives a maximum yield of high-quality grain, on an autumn fallow ? 5.82 t/ha, after soybeans ? 4.29 t/ha, after spring barley ? 3.96 t/ha profitability 55-98 %. The developed techniques of varietal agricultural technology were tested and introduced in the farms Solone, Synelnykovo, Dnipropetrovsk and Piatyhatky districts of Dnipropetrovsk region an area of 10 thousand ha. Sector – agriculture.