Korotenko Y. "Synchrony-Diachrony of Language" Opposition as a Basic Principle for French Structuralism.

Object - the opposition "synchrony-diachrony of language" as a methodological principle of the French structuralism. Goal - to define the essence of the opposition "synchrony-diachrony of language" as a methodological principle of the French structuralism, its implementation in the context of the humanities. Methods - historical and philosophical analysis; hermeneutic, phenomenological, systemic-and-structural, synergistic approaches. Philosophical understanding of the opposition "synchrony-diachrony" in structural linguistics is determined based on the concepts of Ferdinand de Saussure and Roman Jakobson. Investigation of structural method by Levi-Strauss in the context of philosophical reflection on the mechanism of the opposition implementation allowed outlining the features of social structure and the means of their implementation through synchronic recognition of a linguistic model and subsequent diachronic transformation of rules for implementation at the level of axiologically transformed system. By examining post-structuralistic philosophical comprehension and transformation of the opposition "synchrony-diachrony of language" in the works of Jean-Fran?ois Lyotard, Jacques Derrida and Jean Baudrillard it is determined that leveling of analogies, destruction of the binary model of a sign and its replacement by the concept of simulacra causes a loss of representativeness of the opposition "synchrony-diachrony of language" in the context of contemporary philosophical research of meaning, linguistic identity and intersubjectivity. Scope - learning process.