Slyusarev I. Jupiter Trojans and Hilda group: physical properties and origin.

The work is devoted to investigation of the physical properties of Jupiter Trojans and Hilda group by photometric observations and to the analysis of predictions hypotheses about the origin of these two groups and verifying the their consistency with the accumulated data on their physical and dynamic properties. For the first time measured of well-sampled magnitude phase curves of Jupiter Trojans. They have almost identical linear phase dependences with an absence of noticeable nonlinear opposition surge at small phase angles similar with P and D type Hilda asteroids. At the same time, mean slope of their phase curves is in three times smaller than the centaurs. Such magnitude phase angle behaviour is different from majority small Solar system bodies showing non-linear phase curve behaviour close to opposition. An absence of opposition surge can be explained by very dark surfaces of these objects for which only single light scattering is important. The linearity of the magnitude phase dependence up to extremely low phase angles suggests the assumption of the shadowing mechanism as dominant. From the analysis of theoretical models of the interaction of light with a rough surface, we obtained some restrictions on the surface properties of these asteroids. Was shown that using the HG-function to obtain the absolute magnitude lead to the albedo systematic overestimation. Proposed to use linear phase dependence to determination of absolute magnitude and in ephemeris instead of the standard nonlinear HG-functions. For the first time was found that Trojans, moving around L4 is firmly distinguished from Trojans, moving around L5 in orbital inclination distribution. The available amount of data on the physical and dynamical properties of Hilda group asteroids and Jupiter Trojans is consistent with assumption that these two resonant populations of small bodies of the Solar System are primordial.