Syabruk O. Influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the dynamics of CO2 emissions from chernozems in conditions Left-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Оbject - the dynamics of carbon dioxide emission in chernozems of Left Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Рurpose - to establish regularities of the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on CO2 emissions in chernozems of Left Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine in seasonal and annual dynamics. Methods - stationary field experiment, instrumentation environmental monitoring, chemical analysis, mathematical statistics, balance and calculation-analytical method. Theoretical results - it was detected that the intensity of carbon dioxide gas from the soil in time largely depends on hydrothermal conditions. It was established the seasonal dynamics of the potential of heterotrophic soil respiration and the potential flow of bioavailable carbon with a peak in June and July and the gradual fading in the autumn. It was improved methodology for monitoring the emission of carbon losses from soil by combining observations in natural, controlled and substrate-initiated conditions. There were determined regularities of the intensity of CO2 emission from the soil by different processing and fertilization, and quantitative volume carbon losses due to soil respiration during the growing season. There were developed the mathematical models of dependences of intensity carbon dioxide emissions from the soil on hydrothermal conditions during the growing season of crops, which allow to predict volume of CO2 emissions from soils with the possible introduction of adjustments on methods of tillage, fertilizer systems and culture that will be grown. Practical results - the results of the research can be used to improve the methodologies for monitoring CO2 emissions from soils on agricultural lands, gradual transition of cadastral valuation of greenhouse gas emissions on the basis of quantitative monitoring and to predict the impact of new technologies on the carbon balance in the soil. Novelty - there were substantiated the new provisions on monitoring CO2 emissions from soil by combining observations in natural and controlled environments, it enables to isolate the impact of hydrological, thermal and trophic factors; expanded scientific concepts about the regularities the dynamics of the flow of CO2 emission from chernozems under the influence of their agricultural use, on the background of seasonal fluctuations of hydrothermal conditions; for the first time it was defined the volume of emission losses of carbon by chernozems typical and podzolized of Left Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine during the growing season and improved methods of research processes of CO2 emission from the soil. Degree of application - materials of dissertation work were used in the educational process of preparation of bachelors and masters KNAU named after V. V. Dokuchaev on specialties "Agriculture" and "Ecology, Environment and Balanced Nature Management" of faculty "Agrochemistry Research and Soil Science" and implemented in the educational process of the faculty of Ecology KNU named after V. N. Karazin. The field is agriculture.