Symkanych O. Сhemical and Radiological monitoring of heavy metals and gamma-radionuclides in environmental objects Transcarpathia

The thesis is devoted to chemical and radioecological monitoring of National nature parks of Transcarpathian region. Comprehensive approach for background monitoring was propounded, which means combination of heavy metals distribution parameters and gamma-active radionuclides in the environment objects. Validity of optimized method determination specific activity has been proved. The regularities of radionuclides migration in the area of National nature parks "Synevir", "Uzhanskiy" and "Enchanted Land" have been established. Two opposite conformities to law were set. At first, general specific activity of natural gamma-active radionuclides, except 40К, has higher significance in highlands than in lowlands. In the second place, the content of heavy metals in the highlands environment objects is lower than highlands. It means there is geochemical drift of heavy metals. Using cluster and factorial analysis the origin of heavy metals and radionuclides in the environment objects was proved. Investigation in the primeval forest area can be used as standards of nature objects background state. The ability to migrate of heavy metals was used as security criteria of soils. Radiaktive markers (214Ві, 228Ac, 212Pb) was used as criteria of radiatijn monitoring. Recommendations on environmental standards of state were made. The passport system of soils and mapping of national nature pars were carried out.