Sukhorukov V. Sleep - wake cycle disorders and its features in patients with different subtypes of multiple sclerosis

The study material based on clinical, neurophysiological and biochemical features of sleep - wake cycle disorders in 104 patients with different subtypes of multiple sclerosis. Clinical manifestations of "sleep - wake" сycle violations are shown in presomnic, intrasomnic, postsomnic disorders, daytime sleepiness with prevalence in patients with a progressive subtypes of MS. We obtained imbalance in functioning of somnohenic and desynchronization brain systems that revealed a significant increase in the representation of wakefulness during the night, reducing the length of sleep, delta-sleep and REM deficiency, architectonics disorders of sleep structure and a decrease in the number of completed sleep cycles that prevailed in patients with a progressive subtypes of MS. We identified the decrease of wakefulness representation in the structure of night sleep, broken sleep initiation mechanisms and mechanisms responsible for the rhythmic organization of sleep in patients with MS with increase of melatonin sulfate. According to spectral and coherent analysis of the EEG, we obtained changes in electrical activity of the brain during the daytime wakefulness and night sleep, reflecting the violation of synchronization and desynchronization brain systems with development of inhibitory processes in daytime and activation at night due to violation of cortical, subcortical, intercortical and intracortical relationships in patients with different subtypes of MS. We obtained the activation of sympathoadrenal activation in 61.5% of patients with relapsing - remitting MS and in 68.4% of patients with progressive subtypes of MS, which manifests itself in increasing in the heart rate and its variability, both by day and at night time.