Object - the processes that affect the change of microelements soil composition, the admissions of microelements in crops with long-term application of fertilizers in the crop rotations on chernozems of northern Steppe of Ukraine. Purpose is to establish the influence with long-term application of fertilizers in the crop rotation on the microelement composition, agrochemical and physico-chemical properties of chernozems of the North Steppe of Ukraine, removal of microelements by crops, the influence of micronutrients on the yield and quality of winter wheat. Methods - field, laboratory, settlement, mathematical statistics. Theoretical result - established the changes regularities of microelement chernozem composition with long-term application of fertilizers. Proved that application of fertilizers do not significantly affect the total content of microelements, at the same time enhances the content of mobile forms of Mn in the typical chernozem, and reduce the mobility of Zn, Mn, Cu on ordinary chernozem. Established the specificity of the main and by-product microelements accumulation of crops and their removal yields, depending on the saturation of crop rotation and organic fertilizers. In theory, it is proved that the use of vegetative mass of maize and sunflowers, along with straw of early grain crops, leading to a reduction in deficit: Zn - at 22-34, Cu - to 32-52, Mn - at 47-58%. Practical results - substantiated the use of all by-products of crop rotation in order to reduce of microelements deficit while maintaining the soil fertility. Proved the necessity of mandatory inclusion in power supply system of winter wheat on chernozems of Northern Steppe use of micronutrients by foliar feeding of plants in the tillering stage, to increase yields and improve grain quality indicators. Substantiates the economic feasibility of their application in the conditions of Northern steppe of Ukraine. Novelty - established the influence of fertilization systems and the intensity of the agrochemical load on the content of total, acid-soluble, mobile forms of microelements on the chernozems of North Steppe of Ukraine; substantiated the application of crop rotation by-product, as an additional source of microelements into the soil; connection is established between the change of individual agrochemical parameters and content of mobile forms of microelements in the soil; specified data about manifestation of antagonism between the content mobile phosphorus and potassium in the soil and the receipt of Zn and Cu in barley plants, pea, maize. Degree of application - the results of the study are introduced during the growth of winter wheat at the experimental station Erastovskoy Piatykhatky Raion on the area of 49 ha and at EMDR "Dnepr" Dnepropetrovsk district of Dnipropetrovsk region SEIASZ over an area of 58 ha. Materials of dissertation work are used in scientific and practical recommendations "Optimizing of microelement power supply crops", "The application of micronutrients in the Kharkiv region", as well as in the educational process of teaching "Agrochemicals" disciplines "Diagnostics power supply plants" at the Dnepropetrovsk State Agrarian University of Economics. The field is agriculture.
