Kaminskiy R. The influence of the low doses of hydrargyrum and cardioprotectors at the rats' myocardium

Dissertation is devoted to the study of the morphofunctional changes of the myocardium provided of chronic and subchronic exposure of low doses of hydrargyrum and the estimation of the state of myocardium after pharmacological correction by the unithiolum and quercetinum too. Histological, histochemical methods, electron microscopy, morphometrical analyses and computer statistical processing were used for to study the structural and metabolical reorganization of the myocardium. The main mechanism of the development of the cardiotoxical effect of low doses of hydrargyrum was detected. It is the hypoxia that arises after the damages of the haemomicrovessels which have the morphological changes of their wall and the disorders of the myogenous regulation because of the structural changes of the intercalated discs and the appearance of the cellular detritus and abnormal proteins as a result of the destruction of the cardiac muscle cells. On the early period the subchronic intoxication causes the development of compensatory changes of the myocardium that at time of continued intoxication because of the derangement of compensatory adaptation mechanisms causes the destructive changes in cardiac muscle cells. Inherently in development of pathological changes in the rats' myocardium during the chronic intoxication there are the deep disorders of the energy metabolism within the cardiac muscle cells that are happened at the same time as the changes of the structure of all links of haemomicrocirculatory bed, which impairs the transcapillary metabolism and the nutrition the myocardium completely. This work defines that the cardioprotectors are more effective on the early stages of the development of the intoxication of low doses of hydrargyrum. The unithiolum and quercetinum reduce the degree of the structural and metabolic changes of the myocardium, contribute to the diminution of the reaction of organism on the action of low doses of hydrargyrum. The cardioprotectors decrease the inflammatory process within the myocardium that manifests in the normalization of membranes, energy metabolism and diminution of the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells. The application of the unithiolum and quercetinum permits considerably to reduce the negative action of the mercurous chloride in rats. Key words: miocardium, morphological changes, salts of heavy metals, unithiolum, quercetinum.