Horiunova I. Effectsof Cd2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ on the organization of the cytoskeleton of Arabidopsis thaliana root cells

The thesis presents the results of the study the effects of different concentrations of toxic metals - cadmium, nickel, zinc and copper on growth and morphology of the primary roots of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, and on in vivo organization of microtubules and microfilaments in cells of different root growth zones. For the first time it has been shown that cortical microtubules in interphase cells of all types of root zones are sensitive to different concentrations of Cd2+ , Ni2+ and Cu2+ , which is one of the reasons of observed changes in growth and morphology of the main A. thalianaroots. However, microtubules meristematic cells and cells of transition zone were the most sensitive to the Cd2+action,cortical microtubules cells division and elongation zones - to the Ni2 + action,microtubules cells division zone - to the Cu 2+, microtubules of cells transition zone - to the Zn 2+. For the first time was demonstrated that Cd 2 +, Ni2 + and Cu2+ disrupt native orientation of actin filaments. However, microfilaments epidermal cells and the apical meristem were most sensitive to the Cd2 +action, cells transition zone for Ni2+ and Zn2 +, cells differentiation zone for Cu2+. Our results show a direct metal effect on the cytoskeleton components, which is one of the reasons shown us: concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of growth of the primary root, cell death of division zone, transition zone and partially elongation zone, epidermal cells swelling of different growth zones of root and increasing the length and quantity of root hairs.