Dimitrov S. Formation of productivity sunflower hybrids with genetic resistance to herbicides under steppes of Ukraine

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Candidate of Sciences (CSc)

State registration number

0416U003875

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 06.01.09 - Рослинництво

12-07-2016

Specialized Academic Board

Д 26.360.01

Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

Essay

. The thesis presents the results of studies of individual elements of technology of cultivation of herbicide resistant to euro lightning sunflower hybrids. It was established that the use of high doses of the herbicide (2,0 l/ha) leads to inhibition of plants sunflower necrosis and consequently - a shortfall yield seeds. Thus, for hybrid NK Meldimi lower productivity compared to the optimal rate of application of herbicide was 0,28-0,39 t/ha, while for Armada KL - 0,47-0,49 t/ha respectively. Leaf surface of plants sunflower row spacing of 45 cm in hybrid NK Meldimi stood at 25,7 thousand m2/ha, while the Armada KL - 25,3 thousand m2/ha. For the width between rows 70 cm in average protection system variants of weeds in sunflower hybrid NK Meldimi leaf surface area was 26,0 thousand m2 while the Armada CL 25,8 thousand m2 per 1 hectare. The best in terms of the effectiveness of the variants were combined application of herbicides, which included the introduction of herbicide compositions harnesses (atsetohlor, 900 g/l) + hezahard (prometryn, 500 g/l) (making after sowing, but to the steps of incorporation to a depth of 1,5-2 cm rollers, 1,7 + 2,0 l/ha) + Euro-Lightning (entering a phase of 2-4 leaves of weeds, 1,0 l/ha). Thus, the efficiency of this combination in the middle for the experiment was at 94,7%. Using 45 cm between rows for maximum yield of sunflower hybrids should be applied herbicide euro lightning (entering a phase of 2-4 leaves of weeds) normally 1.0 l/ha. At the same time, the row spacing of 70 cm and a significant level presence of weeds necessary to use the system to ladder application of herbicides harnesses (atsetohlor, 900 g/l) + hezahard (prometryn, 500 g/l) (making after sowing, but to the steps of incorporation to a depth of 1.5-2 cm ringed rollers, 1,7 + 2,0 l/ha) in combination with the introduction of herbicide Euro-Lightning (entering a phase of 2-4 leaves of weeds) normal 1,0 l/ha in the growing season. The maximum oil content in the seeds of sunflower hybrid NK Meldimi was marked for herbicide applications, euro lightning (entering a phase of 2-4 leaves of weeds) 1.0 l/ha for row spacing of 45 cm - 49.2%, a similar pattern was observed and row spacing of 70 cm - 48.2%. It should be noted that in terms of oil content above mentioned option was best for hybrid Armada KL. Analysis of the stability-plasticity major agronomic traits revealed hybrid intensive type: of productivity - Ukrainskyi F1, Soniachnyi nastrii, Darii, Armaheddon; the contents of oil - Ukrainskyi F1, Ukrainskyi skorostyhlyi, Kazio, Darii, NK Meldimi. Dedicated cluster hybrids Arena PR and NK Meldimi belongs to one institution originator (Syngenta Seeds). Therefore, these hybrids are equally responsive to growing conditions and on the basis of performance most like. Productivity sunflower depends on the choice of 68% of the hybrid and 29% - of growing conditions and oil content, respectively 51% and 48%. Key words: sunflower, yield, nutrition area, row spacing, protection system.

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