Buzynnyi M. The productivity of winter wheat (Triticum aesvitum) at the realisation of the varieties' genetic potential and elements of cultivation technology in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The object of research is the growth processes, plant development and forming productivity of plants varieties of soft winter wheat depending on the implementation of their genetic potential and technology elements. The purpose of research - establish agro biological bases of formation of productivity of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) depending on potential types and elements of of growing technology in the conditions of forest-steppe of Ukraine. Research methods are conventional. Thesis deals with the characteristics of plant growth and development of winter wheat soft during the main stages of organogenesis and identify agro-ecological conditions influence the formation of structural elements of the crop. For the stable yield of wheat soft winter with high baking characteristics need not apply significant and economically disadvantageous rules fertilizers, so varieties Bilotserkivska napivkarlykova, Olesia, Shchedra nyva song give a high yield by applying N16P16K16 under presowing cultivation, but for growing varieties Perlyna lisostepu and Charodiika bilotserkivska should make nitroamophoska or super-agro and conduct feeding N33 in the phase of tillering. The highest yield in varieties Vidrada and Olesia obtained by predecessor peas 0.37 and 0.62 t/ha to the average yield on experience. The features of the manifestation of the most important agronomic traits grades based on their interactions with the conditions of cultivation. According to the research we have conducted an assessment of adaptive capacity and have determined that in intensive technologies are best Tsarivna, Romantyka intensive type on yield. Established features of the growth and development of soft winter wheat during the main stages of organogenesis, investigated the extent depending on the weather of the year and the level of mineral nutrition manifestation most winter wheat diseases: root rot and Fusarium ear. Determined productivity and quality bakery wheat by the use of different fertilizers in different terms. Thus, the vast majority of wheat for feeding to phase out the tube formed higher yield compared to the fertilizer in tillering phase. The use of different options for basic fertilization showed that Perlyna lisostepu and Charodiika bilotserkivska regardless of the variant form a high yield, but Bilotserkivska napivkarlykova and Yasochka respond better to make super-agro. This economic and energy evaluation of varieties growing technology showed that Bilotserkivska napivkarlykova, Tsarivna, Lisova pisnia for the use of mineral fertilizer as the main form for an increase yield sufficient compensation for additional economic and energy costs.