Kieush L. The development of a process for obtaining carbon nanostructures using coal-coking products

Defended are the results of theoretical and experimental research of the development of a process for obtaining carbon nanostructures by means of the plasma-arc method using coal coking products as part of anodes. The optimum composition of electrodes (anodes) has been identified, which is made up of pitch coke, coal tar, medium-temperature coal tar pitch and a catalyst. Using the electrode composition developed, three types of carbon products have been obtained, viz. fullerene-containing soot, cathode "deposit" and carbon "spider web". The study of carbon "spider web" helped establish certain carbon nanostructures, namely carbon nanoparticles, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. A mechanism of forming carbon nanotubes using pitch coke under the catalytic action of NiO (ІІ)-Fe(CO)5 in the plasma-arc reactor has been suggested. Using the composition developed, "giant" carbon nanotubes have been obtained for the first time, and a description of the impact of coal tar on the growth and the formation of those nanotubes has been suggested. Microstructures have also been obtained that formed during arc discharge, i. e. spider-web-like carbon fibers and carbon whiskers. One of the possible ways of carbon nanotubes' application has been suggested, viz. the introduction of SWNT into the metal structure to improve the properties of the end product. The developed method of carbon nanostructures and recommendations for implementing them in a supplement to the metals powder to improve the performance of gear mechanisms used by engineering and construction holding company "Concord Coke Engineering". The materials of the thesis are used in the teaching process at the Department of Metallurgical Fuel and Refractories of the National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine and at the Department of Chemical Engineering of Fuel of the State Higher Education Institution "Ukrainian State University of Chemical Engineering"