Tertyshna O. Development the basis of alternative oil refining technologies

The Abstract of the dissertation works for obtaining a Technical Sciences Doctoral degree, on specialty 05.17.07 – The Chemical Technology of Fuel and Lubricants ( 161 Сhemical technology). – State Higher Education institution “Ukrainian State University of Chemical Engineering”, the Specialized Scientific Councils – D 08.084.05 of a “National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine”, Dnipro city, 2021. At this work is solved the fundamental problem – increasing the efficiency of primary distillation of the dispersed oil mixtures by the way of a development a scientific bases and abstractions about: compounds compositions, physicochemical characteristics of hydrocarbons at the dependence of mixing and regulation of the component compositions in the way of fraction output increasing. By a cluster and factor analysis modeling, the oil samples were grouped by the basis of similarity. The established patterns is allow to manufacture a specific oils mixtures by the way of resulting principles – a deeply fraction extraction. On the basis of a graphical-analytical method of a fractional composition representation of a hydrocarbon component was developed an algorithm and their mathematical model with intensifying ability determination of an optimal composition, for maximized fraction output. Was selected a number of commercially produced oil mixtures which got resistance to fallout. This was established by the way of using tests and criteria of a disperse oil system stability which based on group composition and data of distillation. Investigation of high molecular compounds (asphaltenes and resins) in oils disperse state was carried out by determination of flocculation coefficient values. This method allows to determinate a change depending on components of the hydrocarbon mixture. The obtained information is given the right selection method for choosing inhibitors of asphalt-resin-paraffin fallout during oil mixtures storage, transportation, and processing. On the model sample systems by droplet method was established that in presence of fallout initiation components can be observed the direct dependence of flocculation coefficient increasing depending on solid paraffins and asphaltenes concentration and inverse – from concentration of paraffins and resins. In oil dispersed systems with a two fallout initiation components, the paraffins fallout depends on presence of paraffins or resins. At paraffin-resin model mixtures, the resins appear like natural surface-active compounds that slow down the processes of paraffin crystallization with decreasing of floatation coefficient with a possibility of fallout decreasing. It’s experimentally proved depressant, peptizing and dispersing action of additive on structure forming components – asphaltenes, resins and paraffins. Was established the relationships between additive chemical structure and asphaltenes floatation inhibition. The principles of potential solid oil mixtures components solubility and formation kinetics were studied also as a rate constant and energy of that process activation. Key words: oil dispersed systems, fractional composition, mixing, asphalt-resinparaffin deposits, stability, dissolving, kinetics, additive, utilization.