The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of the doctor of technical sciences on a specialty 05.17.07 - Chemical technology of fuel and lubricants (161 - chemical technologies and engineering). National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Specialized Academic Council D 08.084.05 at the National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Dnipro, 2020.
The dissertation solves an important scientific and technical problem of expanding the scientific and theoretical ideas about chemical and physical processes that accompany the compounding, dispersion and thermal effects on plastic and polymeric materials of different origins.
The principle of directed formation of properties of plastic lubricants based on the algorithm of purposeful selection of raw materials (for used oils it is the content of water, hydrocarbon fractions and mechanical impurities; for polymers - melting point of polymer) for the main components (dispersion medium, dispersed phase), methods and conditions for obtaining marketable plastic oils based on raw materials available in Ukraine, is proposed.
Various methods of dispersion (mechanical, ultrasonic, extrusion) of the dispersed phase of plastic oils have been investigated. The conditions (temperature, duration of technological process, chemical composition of raw components) under which the particles of the dispersed phase have colloidal sizes and their reactivity with functional groups of carbohydrates raises, that, in turn, allows to obtain plastic lubricants with high colloidal stability and adhesive properties, have been determined.
Technological principles of obtaining one - component plastic lubricants from the secondary polymer raw materials via the method of their thermal destruction at final temperatures of 280-360 °С and atmospheric pressure, are offered.
A direct method of quantitative evaluation of the adhesive properties of plastic lubricants which allows not only to compare the stability of different lubricants, but also to choose the optimal plastic lubricant for specific surfaces (material, surface condition, etc.) and operating conditions (ωкр), has been developed.
On the basis of laboratory (NTU "KhPI", KhNADU, DP UKHIN, KhNDISE) and industrial (LLC "Severodonetsk ABZ", LLC "Chemical Consulting Trade", LLC "Krasnokutsky agroshlyakhbud") researches the plastic lubricants, which by their physical properties met the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation for lubricants Solidol "Zh-2", ARMATOL-238, AGRINOL ZES, PVK Garmatna and NYCO 65 VASELINE (TECHNICAL PETROLATUM (GREASE)), have been obtained.
Key words: plastic oil, polymer, formation of properties, used oil, oil sludge, settling, thermal destruction, adhesive properties, stability.
