Dybetska L. Psychological conditions of formation of gender representations of preschool-children from orphanages.

The thesis is devoted to the problem of the formation of gender representations of preschool children who are raised in conditions of the orphanage. The research offers systematized and generalized system of views on the concept of "gender", and "gender identity". The author reveals the stages, scheme, mechanisms and factors of gender representations of preschool children. The peculiarities of gender socialization of boys and girls from orphanages is characterized. In the educational environment of the orphanage gender socialization of preschoolers takes specific features on the micro (lack of basis for learning gender models of behaviour, feminization of teaching staff at the orphanage institutions, etc.), meso (conditional controllability and steoretyped media) and macro levels (country is accepted through the light of the orphanage, inaccessibility to different forms of life activity etc). Meanwhile, we revealed that major psychological factors influencing the perceptions of gender-representations of preschool children who are raised in the orphanage are: gende-type images of children practised in the orphanage; gender marking; the use of gender fixed approach to preschool education; gende-type behaviour during free play; implementation of gender responsibilities by boys and girls in their everyday life in the orphanage; verbal instructions of educators; fairy tales and cartoons; systematic festive and educational events; children's interaction with their family members and relatives.