Yuzkiv Y. Mechanisms of autoimmune and immunodeficiency syndromes' formation in the conditions of traumatic brain injury

The dissertation is devoted to studying the developmental mechanisms of inflammatory, immune and autoimmune mechanisms of brain damage in the conditions of traumatic brain injury. Experiments were performed on 247 male rats with the weight of 190-210 g and the age of 6-8 months, which were simulated head injury by free fall freight on the fixed head. The control group consisted of 25 animals. It was found that in consequence of injury neuronal antigen (protein S100B, NSE and GFAP) retrieval occurs which, due to violation of blood-brain barrier in trauma, triggered further (secondary) glial activation, macrophage and lymphocytic responses in brain tissue. Parallel secondary activation of systemic response to inflammation, activation of interleukin cascade, systemic intoxication acted as sensitizing background, which strengthened the secondary damage of brain tissue and switched the immune response from cellular chain (T-cell immunosuppression) on humoral (humoral hyperreactivity). The critical period of development of these reactions was the 7th day after simulation of injury, when secondary inflammatory reactions and autoimmune signs of damage in the form of specific antineuronal antibodies appearance and diffuse macrophage infiltration of brain tissue were observed.