Tsizh M. Properties and parameters of dark energy models in gravitationally-bound systems.

The dissertation is devoted to the study behavior of the scalar field models of dynamical dark energy in the fields of matter inhomogeneities and near the compact objects. We study the dependence of the behavior on dark energy parameters and search for opportunities restricting these parameters from observations of gravitationally-bound systems. For this we first obtain distribution of density and velocity of test dark energy near compact objects such as black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs, by solving the hydrodynamic equations for an ideal fluid. Obtained solutions for compact objects and observations gave a possibility to restrict the value of effective speed of sound of dark energy basing on the trajectories of bodies in the Solar System. We also study the dynamics of positive and negative cosmological perturbation 3-component environment, which consists of dark matter, dark energy and relativistic component. We assume that primordial cosmological adiabatic positive and negative perturbation are progenitors for the halos of galaxies and clusters of galaxies and large voids in large-scale distribution, respectively. The equations describing the evolution of the perturbation equations are the energy-momentum conservation ones for components and Einstein equation. System of equations in both cases was solved numerically. We study how initial amplitude, parameters of profile, size of void and parameters of dark energy impacts the evolution of profile and characteristic of the void. Solutions we found for perturbations of density and velocity of dark matter and dark energy makes possible to estimate the impact of the latter on the evolution system.