Zhukova N. Substantiation of seismic safe parameters of blasting in quarries in conditions of karst rock masses

The thesis is devoted to the actual scientific and practical problem - the substantiation of seismic safe parameters of blasting in quarries in conditions of karst rock masses, the development of a new way of breaking off by an elongated explosive charge separated by air spaces of a karst well by means of reducing the total weight of the explosive charge, in its absence in air gaps, in the placement of caverns and the improvement of methods of determining seismic resistance of surrounding terrestrial buildings and caverns beneath them. The mathematical model of rock destruction process were developed and dependences of power consumption, that had been consumed by обертачем of boring machine were set, from structural-geological terms and durability of all the rock types, boring instrument passes through, and after that the passport of the well is developed with the further forming of of downhole charge construction. In the zones with maximum value of the boring drilling power the charges of ES are placed, with minimal - air intervals. The influence of internal well intervals of slowdown relatively to the detonators of lower and upper elongated explosive charges separated by an air gap of a well with caverns is examined and the intervals during which a simultaneous arrival of waves of stress to the walls of caverns, creating conditions for their closure, are defined. There were developed and protected by the patent of Ukraine the method for explosive destruction of complex-structured rock massifs, based on the downhole charges of ES construction, divided by the carstcavity, that allowed to provide effective destruction of native breeds and avoid the harmful action of explosion in the air interval of cavity. Further development of ideas about the guided detonation processes of downhole charges of ES divided by the carst cavity, were focused on its closing, and ideas related to seismic vibrations from mass explosions in careers distribution in the carst massif; their interrelation with surface buildings and karst cavities under them, that located higher than low bound of layer under compression.