Shamsutdinova A. Peculiarities of crop yield formation and quality of sugar beet root crops according to micronutrient fertilizers application in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The dissertation is devoted to the study of peculiarities of crop yield formation and quality of sugar beet root crops depending on micronutrient fertilizers application in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. According to the research results there were studied the most effective forms and micronutrient fertilizers combinations, time intervals of their application through foliar nutrition, their influence on the growth and development of sugar beet plants and on the level of productivity as well as on technological quality of root crops. It is determined that microelements foliar application of sugar beet promotes intensive growth and plants development during the growing season. Thus helps to increase the intensity of photosynthesis process and in a result obtain high crop yields. It is proved that micronutrient fertilizers application in the phase of closing leaves into lines and again in the phase of leaves closing between rows ensures the formation of leaf area of studied hybrids in the range of 38,5-39,8 thous. m2/ha. Conducting foliar application at appropriate times provides photosynthetic yield on the all studied hybrids. It is investigated that composition of micronutrient fertilizers application allows to receive the root crop yield at the level of 70,7 t/ha of the Umanskyi ChS 97, 77,4 t/h of the Anichka hybrid and 76,6 t /ha of the Zluka hybrid. Foliar application of sugar beet by micronutrient fertilizers Mono Bor + polysulfide sodium provides high indicators of productivity and quality of root crops. Such a way of its application ensured the factory-supplied output of sugar at an average of 12,8 t/ha for one experiment. It is determined that in general micronutrient fertilizers application has a positive influence on such indicators of technological quality of root crops as sugar yield, the content of alpha-amine nitrogen, the purity of juice. The calculations of economic and energy efficiency of sugar beet cultivation depending on the form and time intervals of micronutrient fertilizers application are presented. Improvement of certain elements of sugar beet growth technology had a manufacturing control check and showed a high efficiency of its application. Keywords: sugar beets, hybrids, micronutrient fertilizers, foliar application, time intervals of application, crop yield, technological quality of root crops.