Dissertation for a degree of Candidate of Geographical Sciences. Specialty 11.00.09 - meteorology, climatology, agrometeorology. - Odessa State Environmental University. The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Odessa, 2017. This thesis is devoted to study of the agrometeorological conditions influence on the productivity of pea, the development of assessment methods and the productivity of peas forecast in Ukraine. As a result of the conducted field experiment during 2007 - 2008, the regularities of pea organs biomass dynamics, leaf surface size, photosynthetic plants productivity in crops and yield of peas under different dates of sowing were observed. This dissertation was based on the basic model of agricultural crops productivity formation by A.N. Polevoy, which was modified concerning pea by means of supplement subblock assessment of extreme facts impact on the productivity of crops formation. The model was adopted according to natural and climatic conditions of Ukraine by means of model parameters definition. The identification was based on two- year field experiment (2007-2008) materials, agrometeorological network observations of agro - and hydrometeorological stations of Ukraine concerning agrometeorological conditions of growing peas materials for the period of 1986-2005, and literature concerning the studied problem. Based on the materials of field experiment, the adequacy of the model was checked by means of maximum leaf size marks and dry mass of beans. The adequacy of the model was assessed by means of comparison, calculated according to the model and received experimental data of biomass productivity and leaf surface size. The approximate error of the calculation on average over two years in the calculation of the leaf size is 12 %, in the calculation of the beans biomass is 16 %, that proves the adequacy of the description of the agrometeorological conditions influence on the crop formation. Based on the model there was held a number of experiments concerning four climatic zones of Ukraine: Polissya, Lisosteppe, South and North Steppe. The photosynthetic efficiency of crops under different sowing dates is examined. The highest levels of photosynthetic efficiency of leaf size marks, photosynthetic potential, photosynthetic productivity, general dry biomass and productivity were observed in average sowing of Lisosteppe. The lowest level of productivity was observed in Polissya in average period of sowing. In North and South Steppe higher photosynthetic productivity was observed in early sowing. The influence of photosynthetic-active radiation (PAR) on the rate of photosynthesis under different levels of air temperature and humidity was assessed. At maximum intensity of PAR and optimum air temperature of 22 °C the rate of photosynthesis reached 24 mg CO?/dm?. At air temperature of 13 °C it was almost twice lower. The intensity of photosynthesis at high and low humidity levels was significantly different. The dependence of the intensity of photosynthesis on air temperature and humidity in the rate of PAR 450 watt/m? was also observed. It was found out that at temperature increase till 22-25 °C the maximum photosynthesis level was observed. The increase of humidity causes photosynthesis increase and its maximum mark was observed at productive wetness stock of 80-100 % of the least humidity content. Dynamics of pea productivity in regions of Ukraine and allocated lines of trend and productivity fluctuations of trend due to the weather conditions influence of certain years is observed. Methods of peas productivity and forecast was developed on the basis of this model. According to the researched forecast during 2011-2015 approximate error ranges from 1 to 19 %, it is not more than 10,3% on overage during the period of research in Ukraine, that confirms sufficient forecast certainty. With the help of the model, using the potential of climate change RCP 4.5 during the period till 2050, the influence of climate change on peas productivity in the aspect of main climatic areas of Ukraine is assessed. Key words: peas, field experiment, model, productivity, forecast, photosynthetic productivity, climate change.
