Omelchenko Y. Development of technology of extracting wax from secondary products of oil and fat industry

Object of research: technology of extracting wax from secondary products of oil and fat industry. Subject of research: technological parameters of extraction of wax from secondary products of the stage of freezing of vegetable oil by extraction with hexane and fusel oil and catalytic alcohol; Qualitative parameters of wax, extracted oil and reconstituted filter powder. The aim of the dissertation: the scientific substantiation and improvement of the technology of extraction of waxes from secondary products of the oil and fat industry, which will increase the profitability of production at the expense of obtaining a commodity product - waxes, as well as the return of sediment captured by oil and Recovered filtering powder to refining cycle. Methods of investigation. The physicochemical indices of the separation products of the spent filter powder are determined according to standard methods of the oil and fat industry: the acid number according to ISO 660, the peroxid number according to ISO 3960, the number of saponification according to ISO 3657, the iodine number according to DSTU ISO 3961, the melting point of the ISO 6321. The composition of fatty acid waxes and ethyl esters is determined by the gas chromatography method on the Hewlett Packard HP-6890 gas chromatograph. Experiment planning, experimental data processing performed using Mathcad software packages, Microsoft Excel. The practical significance of the results obtained for the oil and fat industry is to improve the technology of extracting waxes from secondary products of the freezing step. The novel novelty of the obtained results: it has been experimentally determined for the first time that substances of lipid nature are extracted from the surface of the filter powder with a mixture of C3-C5 alcohols (fusel oil) ethanol production, and hexane (nephras) more than 98%, it was also found that fennel oil is the best extractable agent in comparison with hexane; it was first established that sunflower waxes can be separated from sunflower oil by their crystallization from solutions in hexane (nefras) or fusel oil at a temperature of 15 ° C to 20 ° C and a ratio of oil-wax mixture: solvent 1: 3 with a yield of more than 91% (hexane) and 98% (fusel oil); It has been first recognized that sunflower oil ethanolization with the formation of sunflower oil ethers, monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols may occur directly on the surface of the filter powder, and waxes do not react with ethanol under these conditions. The resulting reaction mixture is an extractant for waxes and can be removed from the filter powder by separation from the mixture by crystallization. The results of the dissertation work were tested in experimental industrial conditions at the enterprises of ComplexMMK and SBPM, as well as in the educational process of the department of technology of fats and fermentation products of NTU "KhPI".