Kyrpa-Nesmiian T. Research of heterologous expression of desaturase genes of cyanobacteria in higher plants

The work is devoted to research the impact of changes in the spectrum of fatty acids in higher plants on their adaptation to abiotic stresses. During the research issues set double transformants of tobacco Nicotiana tabacum, simultaneously expressing two transferred desaturase genes (desA and desC) and tobacco plants carrying and expressing the gene of ?12-acyl-lipid desaturase (desA) under the control of the cold inducible CBF1 promoter were obtained. It was investigated plant adaptation of tobacco Nicotiana tabacum, potato Solanum tuberosum, orchids Dendrobium linguella with heterologous expression of acyl-lipid desaturase genes under conditions of abiotic stress. It is shown that tobacco Nicotiana tabacum having the additional desaturase genes is better tolerated to the conditions of hyperthermal, hypothermic and osmotic stresses. Dendrobium linguella orchid plant expressing ?9 acyl-lipid desaturase (desC) is better adapted to the conditions of low temperatures comparing with the control nontransgenic plants on indicators of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and loss of electrolytes. Potato Solanum tuberosum plants, carrying and expressing desA gene, demonstrate better adaptation to osmotic stress comparing with the control. Keywords: acyl-lipid desaturases of cyanobacteria, abiotic stresses, plant genetic transformation, Nicotiana tabacum, Dendrobium linguella, Solanum tuberosum.