The use of resource-saving technologies makes it necessary to improve soil nutrient regime. However, the deterioration of physical characteristics, namely density, affects negatively on growth and development of soybean plants. In areas with an application of resource-saving technologies, through a more over-condensed top root-space, the plants lagged behind the growth and formed a smaller vegetative mass compared to soil plowing. So, plants height in the branching phase when plowing was 37.4 cm, which was for 9.50 % higher than in the case with compactor application, for 10.2 % higher than in the minimum cultivation case and for 25.2 %
higher than in direct sowing case. Less intense formation of the vegetative mass in the case of resource-saving soil treatments negatively affected leaf index, accumulation of dry matter and net productivity of photosynthesis. For this technology, the soybeans yield was lower compared to the traditional way of soil cultivation. Thus, when soil was compacted, yield decreased by 0.58 t/ha, in the minimum cultivation case for 0.36 t/ha, while in direct sowing case it increased for 0.72 t/ha compared to the plowing case (control).
The introduction of Nitrogen fertilizers on the background of P60K60 in the case of resource-saving soil cultivation technologies reduces the negative impact of compactors and facilitates optimization of soybean plant growth processes. Thus, in the variant of N60P60K60 (in the beans formation phase), the highest height and leaf index was registered. Accordingly, in the compactors use case it was higher for 11.8 cm and 0.89 units, in a minimum cultivation case it was higher for the level of 9.20 cm and 1.16 units, for direct sowing it was higher for 9.50 cm and 0.83 units compared to P60K60 (control). It should be noted the positive effect on the indicators
of foliar fertilization with the application of microfiber «ROSTOK» Bobovy.
Nitrogen fertilizers on the Phosphorus-Potassium background increased the content of mineral nitrogen in the soil, and also stimulated the absorption of Phosphorus and Potassium by plants. Thus, in the period from the branching phase to the formation of beans, the content of mobile phosphorus in variants with norms N20–N80 on the background of P60K60 for plowing case decreased for 1.00–31.0 mg/kg, for compacting it decreased for 12.0–30.0 mg/kg, for minimum cultivation it decreased for 3.00–10.0 mg/kg, for direct sowing it decreased for 11.0–18.0 mg/kg compared to the control variant. The content of Potassium in the aforementioned variants in plowing variant decreased for 2.00–12.0 mg/kg, for compactors it decreased for 12.0–17.0 mg/kg, for the minimum cultivation case it decreased for 6.00–8.00 mg/kg, for direct sowing case it decreased for 4.00–9.00 mg/kg.
Thus, the introduction of N60P60K60 and the foliar nutrition (in the branching phase) by the microfiber «ROSTOK» Bobovy (3 litres/ha) resulted in growth of the yield in plowing case for 1.15 t/ha, in the case with compactor application it increased for 0.88 t/ha, in the minimum cultivation case it increased for 1.06 t/ha and in direct sowing case, growth was 1.12 t/ha, compared to control case (P60K60).
