Lysianskyi O. Efficiency of fertilization of green manure crops in podzolized chernozem of Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The object is the relationship of species and doses of mineral fertilizers in forming green manure biomass, dynamics of organic matter of the soil, release of nutrients and the degree of their use of fertilizers, biological activity and agrochemical indicators of the soil, dynamics of its humidity and the effect of mixed green manure types of fallow land on the yield of winter wheat. The purpose is to establish the effectiveness of different species and doses of fertilizers for green manure fallow crops on the podzolized heavy clay loam chernozem of Right Bank Forest-Steppe. Used methods are analysis, a field method, a laboratory and analytical method, a model method and mathematical statistics. Theoretical results are the theoretical substantiation and a new solution of the influence of various types and doses of mineral fertilizers on green manure productivity and main indicators of podzolized chernozem fertility of Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are given with their optimal distribution for green manure and winter wheat. Practical results are to increase the efficiency of green manure types of fallow land by optimizing crop fertilization for green manure. This contributes to increasing yield and quality of winter wheat grain and improves soil fertility and ecological situation of the environment. Novelty is that for the first time under the conditions of Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine, the influence of various types and doses of mineral fertilizers on peculiarities of forming biomass of annual crops grown for green manure is established (white sweet clover, white mustard, oil radish, spring vetch and buckwheat), their chemical constitution and basic fertility indicators of podzolized heavy clay loam chernozem. The most adapted and highly productive crops are spring vetch, white mustard and white sweet clover for growing in green manure types of fallow land after fertilizing. There was further development of the issue on the green manure influence on the complex of agrochemical, physicochemical and biological indicators of podzolized chernozem. The implementation degree is that the production inspection and implementation of main results of the research were carried out in 2015 on the area of 53 hectares at Zhuravske CJSC and on the area of 107 hectares at Vilshanka CJSC of Gorodysche district of Cherkasy region. Two patents for utility model were obtained on the basis of research materials, such as “Method of determining the compensating dose of nitrogen when applying for plant residue fertilizer” and “Method of resource-saving fertilization of crops in the green manure fallow-winter wheat rotation”. The field is agriculture.