The dissertation for the Candidate Degree in Public Administration in the specialty 25.00.01 – Theory and History of Public Administration. – Lviv Regional Institute of Public Administration of the National Academy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine, Lviv, 2018.
In the dissertation, state administration in the field of security and defense is considered as one of the most important aspects of the functioning of governments and states in reference to preventing global wars and conflicts, which, taking into consideration the specific means and methods of their conduct, can lead to the destruction of our civilization and life itself on the planet. The events in Ukraine related to the illegal annexation of the Crimea by the Russian Federation and its support of separatist quasugovernment entities in the Donbas area have actualized the problem of imperfection of global and regional security systems which had been formed historically and during the second half of the twentieth century were kept on the basis of implementation of the principle of inviolability of territorial integrity and state borders based on the results of the Second World War.
Awareness of responsibility of public authorities for choosing the most effective approaches and principles for organizing of national security systems,which are compatible and capable to interact at a global level, necessitates the development of those theoretical concepts, the realization of which in practice can secure the future of mankind on the basis of consolidated achievements of international experience.
In order to identify the main directions and priorities of the evolutionary development of the theory of state administration in the field of security and defense in the context of modern geopolitical challenges and threats, the theoretical approaches to the formation of national defense systems in the historical retrospective and the dynamics of the concepts of collective security and defense formation during the XX - the beginning of the XXI centuries are outlined and the reasons for their changes are revealed. The specifics of the concept of “hybrid war as a factor for formation of modern military-political doctrines and strategies are determined. The position, place and role of Ukraine in the regional systems of collective security and defense are reinforced and the main directions of the territorial defense system reformation in the context of the tasks of public authorities are defined.
The argumentation of the theory of public administration in the field of security and defense as an essential component of the process of development of national preventive strategies has been improved. The theoretical retrospective analysis and the prognostic evaluation of its results allow us to generalize and systematize the past experience, disclose the determination, cause-and-effect relations and correlation of the processes and phenomena in this field. On this basis, it is possible to work out adequate approaches and effective strategies for the development of the security and defense system, to take into account or to avoid possible risk factors.
The theoretical understanding of the problems of international security has allowed to argue in favour of the view that the system of collective security is a non-alternative instrument for the peace security on the regional and global scale. The fact that the “zone of European conflict”, which was the Balkans for a long time, has shifted to the Black Sea-Caspian region, suggests the need to define a new format for interaction between countries and the formation of a new system of international security. The priority directions of development of public administration in the field of security and defense of Ukraine are determined; peculiarities of modern wars and military conflicts with the use of hybrid technologies are identified, and proposals towards the ways to counteract these threats were made.
It is emphasized that military actions in the course of modern military conflicts become asymmetrical. Regular armed forces and paramilitary groups are in an armed confrontation, which requires special training for regular armed forces to take actions against paramilitary groups, in particular, in view of the civilian environment, and at the same time conditions for widespread use of special forces are created. Secondly, the features of “hybrid threats” – traditional and non-standard multi-scale acts of terrorism, as well as subversive actions, in which modern technologies are used to counter military force – are their purposeful, adapted to the target state and the specific political situation principles. The counteraction to these threats is based on the identification of priority areas for the development of the security and defense sector of Ukraine, in particular, the safeguarding of national security through the implementation of national resource within the military-political integration structures.
