Garbuz S. Increase of ecological safety of ventilation process of tanks with oil products

The thesis is devoted to raising the level of environmental safety by developing the technology of forced ventilation of tanks for the storage of petroleum products, implemented by an innovative ejector-vortex air supply method, and an absorption-condensation technology for trapping volatile hydrocarbon vapor that ensures compliance with harmful air exposure standards and obtaining an additional environmental economic effect by using them as a commodity product. An environmentally safe method for degassing land tanks for storing light oil products has been developed, which makes it possible to reduce the level of man-made load by reducing the duration of ventilation, concentration of hydrocarbons and purification of the air-steam mixture emitted into the atmosphere in accordance with the regulatory requirements of environmental safety. The substantiated technique of modeling of processes of ventilation of tanks with the remains of one-component and multicomponent liquids, and also processes of degassing. The mathematical modeling of ejection based on the law of conservation of momentum allows to determine the pressure losses and set the initial velocity of air flow to the internal space of the reservoir. With the help of software product ALOHA®, the toxic zone, the fire hazard zone and the gasoline vapor explosion area were estimated with natural ventilation of the tanks. The size of the zone of acute toxic effects on the population reaches 1.2 km, was calculated for the given initial conditions, the fire danger zone is 80 m, the explosion zone does not exceed 13 m. The index of air pollution, provided ventilation with a traditional air supply is 1.6, does not comply with environmental standards of man-made environmental impact.