Kulyk S. Efficiency of soybean fertilization depending on the acidity of sod-podzolic soils in the conditions of Western Polissia

In the dissertation the theoretical argumentation and practical decision of the scientific problem for optimization of the soybeans nutrition at its growing on sodpodzolic soils in the conditions of Western Polissia are given. The effect of fertilization and liming systems on the nutrient regime of the soil and the formation of soybean yield is determined. It was established that the long-time fertilizers application and liming changes significantly the basic physical-chemical and agrochemical properties in sod-podzolic soils. So, the lime application in 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 doses on the background of the organo-mineral fertilization caused the next pHKCl in soil solution on the 16th year: 4.7, 5.1, 5.6 and 5.8. In variant with the background of the organo-mineral fertilization without liming it was 4.2. The application of single rate of mineral fertilizers on the background of plowing the straw as fertilizer with the aftereffect of two doses of limestone ameliorant caused the maximum accumulation of mineral compounds of nitrogen and mobile compounds of phosphorus in the arable soil layer according to the growth stages of soybean. The same results were got in variant with application of increased fertilizer rate on the aftereffect of 1.0 dose of lime. The content of mineral nitrogen compounds was 10.5–18.7 mg/kg of soil and the content of the mobile compounds of phosphorus was 230–258 mg/kg of soil. The highest content of mobile compounds of potassium was 92.0–116 mg/kg of soil in the variant where was used the organic-mineral system of fertilization with the increased rate of mineral fertilizers on the aftereffect of 1.0 dose of lime. The improvement of soybean mineral nutrition caused increasing the uptake of the main nutrients for plant development. The macroelements uptake for the 1 t seed formation and corresponding amount of by-products was 70.9 kg of nitrogen, 15.4 kg of phosphorus and 37.6 kg of potassium in the organo-mineral fertilizer system with the fertilizers application in rate N40P60K60 on the background of 2.0 doses of lime and with foliar fertilization by microfertilizers named Nutrivant Plus for oil crops. And it was maximal. The highest yield for soybean was 2.11 t/ha. It was in variant with the application of mineral fertilizers in the rate N40P60K60 on the aftereffect of 2.0 doses of lime (pHKCl – 5.8) on the background of straw plowing as fertilizer with the foliarfertilizers application.