Servetnyk A. Regional peculiarities of pollen sensitization in children with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis

The prospective randomized study was conducted in Kharkiv on children with respiratory allergies (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis). In the first stage of the study, the structure of child pollen sensitization in 643 children aged 10.0±0.1 years (from 3 to 17 years) was determined by skin prick-tests with pollen allergens. The second stage constituted the analysis of relevant species as well as parameters of seasonal exposure and integral characteristics of the causative factors of pollen allergy of 25 plants by means of aeropalynological monitoring in Kharkiv (with day-and-night trapping of pollen by volumetric method and identification with optical microscopy). In the third stage, for the purpose of distinguishing predictive and diagnostic markers and developing a prognostic mathematical model of pollen allergy exacerbation 114 children with respiratory allergies were examined. During the examination the results of anamnestic, physical, instrumental and laboratory studies were evaluated. As a result of the study, for the first time in the Kharkiv region the pollen of anemophilous plants was identified as a causative factor of allergic diseases with pollen sensitization. Moreover, exposure periods for these allergens and the duration of plant pollination were determined. This allowed to give scientifically substantiated recommendations on the duration and volume of basic therapy for children with atopic bronchial asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis, depending on the type of sensitization. For the first time during the creation of mathematical models and the prediction of exacerbations of atopic bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with pollen sensitization the data of the aeropalynological monitoring of the region was taken into account. This in turn allowed to individualize and improve the effectiveness of prognostic algorithms.