In recent years, due to the deterioration of the environment, stress, the influence of chemical and physical factors, the branch of biologically active additives (BAAs), which is aimed at the restoration of human microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract), has been rapidly developing. Supplements are concentrates of biologically active substances, which are intended for direct administration or introduction into food products for the purpose of enrichment of a person's diet with separate biologically active substances or their complexes. For convenience, dietary supplements are conventionally divided into three main groups: nutraceutics, parapharmaceuticals, probiotics and prebiotics.
Drug-probiotics have proven themselves as a means of prevention and treatment of dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its biological properties, probiotic strains of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium are the most commonly used in the production of probiotics and probiotic products. However, in recent years, more and more cases have been observed where the positive effect of probiotics, even with prolonged use, is temporary, and sometimes it is completely absent; therefore, the most urgent task of biotechnology is the development of new biocorrectors that help to eliminate these problems when used. In this regard, experts place great hopes on a group of metabolic pro- and synbiotics.
Metabiotics are structural components of probiotic bacteria, their metabolites or signal molecules with a known chemical structure. The drugs of the group of metabolic probiotics, in comparison with the cellular form, are more safe, have a longer shelf life, reduce the interaction with the components of food products.
In recent years, experts have paid attention to propionic acid bacteria, which can carry positive effects on the obligate microbiote of the human's gut. Вacteria of the genus Propionibacterium are the most promising microorganisms for the production of both probiotics and metabolites, based on the products of their life.
To remove the largest quantity of qualitative biomass of probiotic bacteria, a nutrient medium was added with the addition of a vegetative growth stimulator (soy serum). To determine the most successful concentration of soy serum, the dynamics of growth of bifidobacteria on the lactose membrane of cultivation with the content of different mass fractions of soy serum in the amount from 1% to 6% was studied. According to the experimental data, for further studies, a culture medium was added with 3% soy serum added.
After studying the chemical composition of nutrient media, literary sources and taking into account the coherent cultivation of propionic acid bacteria with bifidobacteria, the growth and development of propionic acid bacteria were studied at cultivation on the following media: MRS medium; cheese whey medium; lactose medium with addition of 3% soya serum. The biochemical parameters of the growth rate of propionic acid bacteria on the soybean-lactic medium (CRL), expressed in the colony of the producing units, were higher than that of cultivating in other media, and the stationary phase was longer. It was also experimentally proved the expediency of replacing dry lactose with serum cheese in the amount of 200 ml/l, as a source of carbohydrates in the culture medium of the consortium of bifidobacteria and propionic acid bacteria.
Based on experimental studies and methods of mathematical modeling, it has been established that the largest number of viable probiotic microorganisms reaches Lg 10.75 CFU/cm3 under the following optimal conditions: cultivation for 24 hours at a temperature of T = 33.74 ° C, pH = 7.
Thanks to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the most valuable composition of the LC was the fermentation of the symbiotic consortium Bifidobacterium longum - Ya3 and Propionibacterium shermanii - 4.
The experimental data obtained indicate the expediency of the use of culture liquid supernatants both for the production of a probiotic of a metabolic type and for the construction of polystimal synbiotic using DHNA as a prebiotic of non-carbohydrate nature.
Based on the received data, biotechnology was developed for obtaining biologically active additives on the basis of cellular and non-cellular forms of probiotics, namely: "Bifidopropionic " - a drug on the cells of the consortium B. longum - Yа3 and P. shermanii- 4; "BPM" - based on the metabolites contained in the culture liquid of the consortium B. longum - Yа3 and P.shermanii - 4; "Biggestim" is a preparation based on the culture fluid P. shermanii - 4 containing the products of metabolism (DHNA).
Key words: bifidobacteria, propionic acid bacteria, supernatant, 1,4-hydroxy-2-naphthoynova acid, metabiotic, synbiotic.
