The subject of study - macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. Goal - to increase efficacy of treatment of patients with macular edema due to retinal venous occlusion by optimizing patient management tactics based on the study of morphostructural changes in the retina. Methods of research – ophthalmic - visometry - to the table of Golovin-Sivtsev; computer perimetry - on the device of Oculus Twinfield under the program "The Macula threshold"; biomicroscopy; fundus of eye photography, fluorescence angiography - Topcon TRC -NW7SF, optical coherent tomography (OCT) on a Carl Zeiss Model Stratus OCT 3000; histological; microscopic; statistical methods. It was established four types of ME due to RVO: non burdensome, burdensome swollen, burdensome ischemic, burdensome. In a large area of ischemia (> 5 DD), the best method is subthreshold laser coagulation. With a high fovea thickness (> 547 microns), the best effect is achieved after using threshold laser coagulation. When combined in patients with severe retinal ischemia and high fovea thickness, the best effect is obtained after subthreshold laser coagulation. In patients with moderate impairments with low values of severity criteria, the best effect was achieved after subthreshold laser coagulation. A method of administering drugs to the posterior pole of the eye is proposed, which consists of puncture of the posterior subtenoneal space of the intravenous cannula 24 G, which reduces the risk of complications and performs manipulation on an outpatient basis (Patent of Ukraine No. 44703). A method for treating macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion, which consists in subtenoton`s injection of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide and performing at 14 days after administration of the laser coagulation of the retina (Ukraine Patent №44704). Increased scientific evidence of the frequency and complications of retinal vein occlusion in patients with arterial hypertension at the time of treatment for ophthalmologic help. It has been established increase of the referability patients with RVO in the course of five years by 1.8 times. It has been established that ME is the most frequent complication of retinal vein occlusion. ME is found in 12.3% of the total number of examined patients with RVO and in 52.5 % of patients undergoing laser surgery. Increased scientific evidence of pathological changes in the retina of rabbits after focal (not confluent) subtreshold of (in comparison with the confluent method) laser coagulation. At focal laser coagulation, less pronounced ultrastructural changes in choroid, pigment epithelium and neurosensory part of the retinal rabbit are revealed. In both methods, damage to the Muller cells occurs. It was first established that the treatment pathomorphosis is most pronounced in coagulation of choreocapillaries, the layer of the pigment epithelium of the retina and the outer layers of the neurosensory retina in the case of predominance of retina thickening, and with the prevalence of signs of ischemia, the pathomorphosis is more pronounced in the selective coagulation of the layer of pigment epithelium of the retina. The main provisions of the work were introduced into the clinical practice of the department of studying the biological effect and the use of lasers in ophthalmology, SI «The Filatov institute of eye diseases and tissue therapy NAMS of Ukraine»; in the City scientific and practical center "Laser Methods of eye treatment" of "Eye Microsurgery Center", Kiev, in the Department of Eye Microsurgery of the Clinical Hospital "Chernihiv Regional Hospital". Scope - medicine, ophthalmology.
