The basis of scientific work is clinical, laboratory and statistical analysis of the results of treatment and monitoring of 316 children with bronchial asthma: retrospective - 241 patients and prospective - 75 children. Representation of the comparison groups is represented by age and gender.Тhe design of the second stage of the study further provided, taking into account the tasks set forth in the work, in patients of the prospective group and practically healthy children, the formation of a group of patients for the purpose of determining in the serum the content of the nuclear transcription factor NF-kB, interleukin-4 and interleukin-6, and also a molecular genetic study of the rs1805010 lle50Val polymorphism of the IL4RA gene.It has been established that the highest number of patients with asthma was found to be at the age of 8-12 years (n = 158 – 50,01%: 113 boys – 35,76%, and 45 girls – 14,25%) and 13 to 16 years (n = 96 - 30.36%: 77 boys -24.36% and 19 girls - 6.0%). That is, the distribution of patients, both in the general group and in separate age groups, revealed a natural increase in the disease among boys compared with girls 2.5 times more in the age of 8-12 years, and especially 4,06 times in puberty period.
Among children with asthma who were on inpatient treatment 60,12% were dominated by patients with a persistent course of asthma (253 children, 80,06%), and with intermittent patients – 19,94% (63 patients). With a high, significantly higher level of persistent asthma, there was a similarity in boys of the age group of 8-12, 13-16 years old (101-31,96%; 49-15,51%, respectively), and in girls of the same age groups ( 33 – 10,45%; 13 – 4,11%, respectively). Intermittent BA at 3,78% (12 patients) was significantly more common in girls in the age group of 8 to 12 years.Natural allergens with the persistent flow of BA dominated among other non-infectious factors that accounted for 40,93% and prevailed in boys (28,82%) only in the age group of 6-7 years, where as the in termittent course of the disease at that age was characteristic food allergy (7,55%).
Among the surveyed children with allergic asthma, in the majority of hospitalized patients there were children with uncontrolled asthma (141 – 55,73%), with significantly higher prevalence of boys (p <0,05) in age groups of 6 to the age of 16, the most (63 - 24,9%) at the age of 8-12 years. Partially controlled persistent asthma occurredin 68 children (26,87%): 49-19,36% of boy sand 19 girls (7,51%). Regarding controlled asthma treatment, 44 patients (17,4%) received boys 33 (13,05%), girls - 11 (4,35%).
In patients with a persistent pass age of BA, the Tiffin index was higher by 9,77% due to there duction of FEV1 (61,08 ± 0,47%) than FVC (70,85 ± 0,36%; p <0,001). For children with anin termittent course of disease, FEV1 did not have a significant difference compared with practically healthy children (p> 0,05).
At controlled BA levels, the FEV1 score was 1,44 times lower compared to almos the althy children, FVC – 1,3 times, Tiffen's index – 1,11, and PEF - 1,13 times. We observed a significant decrease in FEV1 and FVC in anun controlled course of 1,06 times compared with a controlled level of disease.
