Zadunai O. Scientific principles for improving the efficiency of environmental safety of spent nuclear fuel pool

The peculiarities of the anthropogenic accidents initiation and development on spent nuclear fuel pool site are covered. Which became a prerequisite for scientific and technological progress in the field of ensuring environmental safety on fuel pool site and adjacent territories. An analytical model of the emergency processes initiation and development in the spent nuclear fuel pool is developed. Its essence lies in the application of the theory of reliability and the phased complex use of methods: probabilistic - for the ranking of hazardous occurances and deterministic - for modeling of emergency processes and their environmental effects. The model, unlike already known ones, makes possible the avoidance of false managerial decisions in case of emergencies belonging to different genesis; A thermophysical model was developed by means of the "Best-T" computer program and the local fuel assemblies temperature values in case of emergency situation connected with the termination of water circulation through the cooling pool. This allowed to optimize the amount of computational work in the part of calculations of the thermohydraulic processes within the framework of the complex substantiation of spent nuclear fuel pool ecological safety. The method of determining the qualitative state of the cooling pool construction has developed further. It gave the opportunity to calculate the thermal and technical parameters of spent nuclear fuel pool considering different stresses. For example, in case of change of the coolant temperature or energy release level in spent nuclear fuel. This technique may be used to evaluate the durability of existing pools of functional nuclear power plants in Ukraine. The system of explosion and fire hazard situations control in the premises of spent nuclear fuel pools is improved, as well. It resulted in the system, which, unlike the existing one, makes provision for the use of a scientifically grounded and developed new method for determining the parameters of hydrogen concentration in air with the help of an integral optical chemical absorption sensor.