Derengovsky V. The improved method of multicriteria analysis of environmental safety of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies

The dissertation is devoted to solving the problem of multicriteria analysis of ecological safety and economic efficiency of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies by optimizing the volume of work and expenses. The proposed method of conducting multicriteria analysis of ecological safety during the operation of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies enables to reduce the negative impact of radiation factors on the environment by choosing the optimal variant of the work. To do this, quantitative and qualitative indicators of environmental safety of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies were determined and substantiated, and a special form of desirability functions was obtained, the process of obtaining numerical values of weight coefficients was investigated and a generalized efficiency indicator of the decision was calculated. In addition, for the use of qualitative estimates of input data, the method of multicriterial analysis of environmental safety with the use of the system of expert assessments in the design, construction and operation of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies was improved. The correctness of analytical calculations with the help of the improved method of multicriteria analysis was proven during the choice of the site for the construction of the WWERSSF, with the implementation of stabilization measures at the Shelter object and the implementation of a comparative analysis for two variants of the "early" dismantling of unstable structures of the Shelter Object. According to the results of the performed work, two acts of introduction of the advanced method of multicriteria analysis of ecological safety with the use of the system of expert assessments in the design, construction and operation of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies were compiled and approved. Due to the implementation of an improved method of multicriteria analysis of environ-mental safety of objects with radiation and nuclear technologies during the implementation of stabilization measures at the "Shelter" object, at the refusal of the implementation of measure No. 4, it was saved approximately 12 thousand euros and 4.6 people-Sv., and in case of refusal to implement stabilization measures No. 14, 14a and W/N to eliminate the possible consequences of the accident at the "Shelter" object, it would have been necessary to spend at least 250 thousand euros and 200 people-Sv.