Hlaholych S. Diagnostics and correction of psychological maladaptation of the volunteers of the ATO zone

The purpose of the work was to study the clinical and psychological manifestations and mechanisms for the formation of maladaptation in volunteers, whose activities are related to the provision of military services in the area of military actions, and the development of a program of measures for its psychocorrection on this basis. With the help of clinical-psychological and psychodiagnostic methods, 147 volunteers engaged in providing military services in the area of military actions for at least 1 year were examined. It has been proved that volunteering is potentially hazardous for maladaptation development, which is more common among volunteers than the usual sample. The core clinical phenomenon of maladaptation characteristic for volunteers is depressive symptomatology. The level of severity and the clinical content of depressive symptoms are closely related to the degree of emotional burnout of volunteers: with increased burnout, both quantitative (severity) and qualitative (clinical variability) indicators of depression increase. It was established that the general level of emotional intelligence in volunteers is higher than in the general sample, but with the formation and progression of manifestations of maladaptation, the indicators of the components of emotional intelligence are significantly reduced (except for empathy). The high level of empathy against the background of reducing other components of emotional intelligence, on the one hand, contributes to the amplification of maladaptive symptoms, and, on the other hand, it becomes a pathogenetic factor in its development and progression. It was established that the formation and progressive development of psychological maladaptation in volunteers involves a number of factors, classified by us in dependence to their role, as maladaptive-core, maladaptive-pathoplastic and maladaptive- stating. On the basis of the obtained data, an algorithm of psychodiagnostics and a program of psychocorrection of psychological maladaptation of volunteers, which proved its effectiveness, were created.