Korchak B. Regeneration of waste mineral motor oils

The dissertation is devoted to the issue – the regeneration of waste mineral engine oils (WMMO) derived from using gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines. Changes in the composition and performance characteristics of used mineral motor oils (UMMO) − M-10DM and NORMAL 15W40 − after being used in internal combustion engines, have been studied, and a likely mechanism for converting oil components has been suggested. By means of vacuum distillation, recovered oils were derived, which were found to exhibit better viscosity-temperature properties, the lower acid number as well as the content of mechanical impurities, cokeability, ash content, and the higher flash point as compared to used oils. A method was developed to purify used oils using carbamide so as to reduce the acid value. A technique of thermo-oxidative recovery of UMMO has been devised, residing in full oxidation of primary oxidation products, which are part of the used oils, under superharsh conditions subsequently extracting a regenerated oil fraction by using vacuum distillation. The thesis illustrates how the underlying technology of the complex method of UMMO recovery, including the process of thermo-oxidative reclamation, vacuum distillation, and a second-stage treatment of recovered oil with carbamide were devised.