The dissertation is devoted to the actual issues of improving the technology of growing chicory salad witloof in the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The efficiency of innovative technology elements is summarized, new approaches have been found in the cultivation of chicory salad witloof with the use of new varieties and further their germination. Observance of the optimal terms of sowing and digging of root crops, the schemes of placement of plants are very relevant for the spread, determining the adaptability of varieties and the improvement of the technology of growing chicory salad witloof in Ukraine.
The biological potential of varieties of chicory salad witloof and adaptability to the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine were determined. A variety of chicory salad witloof - Voivoda was created (№ 165422001), which gave a high yield of commodity roots – 15,8 t/ha, and this is an additional 1,3 t/ha with high qualitative indicators, the level of profitability of which was 53,1 %, CBE – 4,43.
The elements of technology for germination of commercial root crops of witloof were developed. According to this technology, the high yield was of the Voivoda variety 29,6 kg/m2, which is 1,4 kg/m2 more than in the control, the profitability level of this variety was 91,8 %, while the conditional net profit amounted to 784 UAH/m2, CBE – 3,37.
It is proved that the optimum term of sowing chicory salad is the beginning of the second decade of May, the optimum terms for harvesting chicory salad witloof are - the third decade of September and the first decade of October. The high yield was obtained for sowing in the first decade of May and digging of root crops in the third decade of September and the first decade of October. The yield was 21,2–21,3 t/ha (profitability level 60,3–50,5 %), which is 3,4–4,1 t/ha higher than in the control, including standard roots on 3,2–3,3 t/ha more than for digging in the first decade of September.
The optimal schemes of placement of plants and density of plants were established and tested. The best terms of sowing and harvesting of root crops were determined for further germination. It was proved that the use of a broad-row sowing method with the scheme of placement of plants of 45х10 cm (222 thousand pcs/ha) helped to obtain a yield of 25,7 t/ha and a standard production of 14,6 t/ha. The use of a tape sowing method with the scheme of placement of plants (20+50)х10 cm with a density of plants 285 thousand pcs/ha helped to obtain a yield of 26,7 t/ha and a standard root crops of 15,5 t/ha. As the density of plants increased, the relative yield of non-standard root crops increased by 18,6 % and 18,9 %.
