Andriiashevska M. Juvenile victimology: theoretical and legal model

The thesis is devoted to consideration the features of the institute of juvenile victimology. The author analyzes the main theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of juvenile victimology, examines the stages of formation the doctrine of juveniles as victims of crimes, and describes the place of the institute in the system of knowledge of delinquency. Special attention is paid to the specificity of the interaction of the criminal and the minor victim, the classification of the types of behavior of child victims is presented, and the determinants of victimhood are considered. The author points to the close interconnection of juvenile victimology with related sciences. The idea of the need to study the identity of a minor victim not only from the perspective of victimological and criminological features, but also taking into account the developments of psychologists, teachers, sociologists, etc. is argued. The focus of the study is on the prevention of the victimization of minors, in the context of which the author considers the strategies of special and individual victimological prevention of the adolescents’ behavior who are victims of criminal encroachment. It is suggested the ways to improve the program of interaction of police officers with children affected by crime. The author points out that the attitude towards the essence of an adolescent has always been ambiguous. It is summarized that today scientists are more interested in the problems that arise when working with a criminal: the re-education of the latter, the "treatment" of his deviant and marginal inclinations, resocialization, and the like. At the same time, the majority ignore the fact that no socially dangerous act can take place without a definite act on the part of the victim, whose role in the crime scenario cannot be understated. It is proved that the victim in the mechanism of a criminal act is often the driving force, and the characteristics of his personality can become the main factors of a crime.