The thesis for the degree of candidate of technical sciences, specialty 21.06.01 – «Еcological safety». –National Aviation University, Kyiv, 2019.
The dissertation is devoted to increasing the level of environmental safety usingmetallurgical industry waste as an alternative material for road construction.
The methodology for assessing the level of environmental safety in road construction during the replacement of natural stone materials with metallurgical slags, which includes models of waste management and road building subsystems, describes the basic processes of the life cycle of the transforming the metallurgical slags in the chain «waste - raw material - material - element of road clothes».
Based on the formation of morphological structures of road clothes with the use of metallurgical slags for roads of various categories with given technical and operational characteristics the method of determination of possible volumes of replacement of natural materials by metallurgical slags is developed.
The evaluation criteria of technical and operational properties of road clothes with the use of metallurgical slags, as well as criteria for forecasting the environmental safety level in different scenarios of using metallurgical slags in road construction, are proposed.
The regularities of the influence of slagchemical composition of metallurgical enterprises on the mechanical characteristics of slags as materials for road construction have experimentally established.
Using correlation-regression analysis of the experimental results, regressive dependences of the modulus of elasticity of slags on their activity are obtained, which are the initial values for calculation of road clothesstrengthand determination of the required value of the thickness of the base layer of road clothes and, accordingly, the value of volumes of possible replacement of natural materials by metallurgical slag.
The comparative estimation of technical and operational properties of the formed typical morphological structures with the use of slags for three technical categories of roads has been carried out. It is shown, using slag with the recommended thickness of the base of road clothes, the requirements for the durability of road clothes are provided. In the general structure of road clothes of various categories of roads, the volume of metallurgical slags is 25,4...32,5 %, which leads to a reduction of labor costs of construction by 18...32%, with a relative decreasing the cost of materials in 1,3...1,5 times.
Forecasting the level of environmental safety in different scenarios of the use of metallurgical slags in road construction is carried out. The total predicted ecological and economic effect of the use of metallurgical slags in road construction considering the ecological damage caused for the environmentis determined.
The results of the dissertation work were used for the development of six sectoral standard documents, four technical specifications and sectoral recommendations that regulate the requirements for slag as road construction material, requirements for roadclothes using slags and environmental requirements for roads.
Keywords: road construction; natural materials; metallurgical slags; road clothes; environmental safety; evaluation criteria.
