In the thesis, the classification of working conditions from the point of view of safety for the worker's life and health, has been grouped into two groups, in particular: (1) working conditions that are related to the nature of production, which should include: heavy, harmful and dangerous and (2) labor conditions, which, by degree of employer's performance of duties on occupational safety, are divided into: healthy, safe and proper (normal, optimal).
The author insists that this classification is due to the fact that, as a rule, the severity of labor is related to the load, the weight of the rising and moving cargo, the tension, etc., which can adversely affect the health of the employee, therefore often these conditions are considered on practice as inappropriate. The same can be said about harmful and hazardous working conditions, which are also considered a priori in practice to be inappropriate. While the severity, harmfulness and danger of working conditions does not at all indicate an inadequate working environment.
In the thesis it has proved that the two groups of working conditions are different in their essence, because the heavy, harmful and dangerous are the peculiarities of production, while the provision of healthy, safe and proper working conditions is essentially the duty of the employer to create exactly the following conditions and obligations. The employee must comply with all safety measures that were created by the employer to ensure a healthy, safe and decent working environment for the worker. Indeed, even in the performance of heavy, harmful and dangerous work, the worker must be guaranteed healthy, safe and proper working conditions.
The author convinces that the category of «safe working conditions» does not mean that there is no danger, because the potential danger to the worker's life and health is always present at the time when he performs his labor duties. Ensuring and guaranteeing the safety of an employee should take place even in heavy, harmful and dangerous work. Therefore, safe working conditions are those working conditions in which the influence of potentially harmful and dangerous production factors is eliminated or the levels of such influence are minimized to the maximum allowable values with the help of personal protective equipment, as well as by ensuring the proper condition of technical equipment, equipment, equipment and tools, etc.
The thesis states that in order to preserve the health of workers, the employer must create healthy working conditions by ensuring the provision of milk, aerated salt water, other special meals, prevention and prevention of occupational diseases and accidents at work, guaranteeing sanatorium and spa treatment, etc.
The paper argues that the division of working conditions into proper, safe and healthy conditions is conditional, since these working conditions are interrelated and inseparable, since the proper working conditions are, by its very nature, safe and healthy working conditions. In turn, if there is a safe working environment in the enterprise, institution, or organization, then this means that the working conditions are decent and healthy.
Proper conditions of work, the thesis has proposed to understand, the conditions for which the permissible levels of influence on the worker of the dust factor, the vibration-noise effect, radiation effect and the creation of favorable microclimatic regime (thermal regime), illumination atmosphere are allowed, provided that the workers are provided with means of individual protection, maintenance of the condition of equipment, tools, assemblies, etc., as well as maintaining the health of workers (provision of milk, carbonated salt water, etc.) and the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases (poisoning).The author insists that the certification of workplaces should be aimed at identifying the harmful and dangerous factors that exist in the workplace, so that the employer attempts to establish production in such a way as to avoid or at least reduce the harmful effects on the health of workers. In order to create proper, safe and healthy working conditions, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors at the planning stage of the construction of an enterprise.
