Popovych N. Environmentally safe collection, transportation and disposal of solid household waste

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Candidate of Sciences (CSc)

State registration number

0419U002766

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 21.06.01 - Екологічна безпека

31-05-2019

Specialized Academic Board

К 35.052.22

Lviv Polytechnic National University

Essay

The dissertation researches ecologically safe collection, transportation, and disposal of solid household waste and the main components of environmental management of household waste handling at the regional level, analysis of the system of measures for improvement of functioning efficiency of existing approaches to household waste handling. The research of the features of environmental management of waste handling at the regional level, the investigation of the efficiency of rolling stock operation, the increase of the efficiency of logistics waste management systems, and the determination of ecological hazards will give the opportunity to introduce new forms of waste management and improve the environmental safety in the region. As a result of the research on the efficiency of the garbage trucks use, the best indicators of the general operational and technical characteristics of vehicles for the transportation of hazardous waste as a part of the household waste is defined as follows: by the specific weight of special vehicles is KrAZ K16.2 -0.4 tons; by the specific power of the engine -OT-20 (ISUZU NQR 71P) -30,7 kW; by volume-to-size ratio -OT-20 (ZIL-433360) –3.04. OT-20 (ZIL-433360) has the highest annual average productivity of96780.2 t km/year. Logistic schemes for the transport of hazardous waste as part of solid households provide centralized and decentralized approaches. The lack of waste recycling plants, hazardous household waste utilization enterprises and the breakdown and the lack of special vehicles in non-urban areas increase the level of regional environmental hazard. In accordance with the approaches to household waste management in non-urban areas hierarchical levels are set: satisfactory, risky, critical. It is determined that the most toxic components are concentrated in the filtrate at the foot of the landfills. In order to reduce the negative factors of filtrate, bioplateau systems should be introduced. The proposed logistic system of waste management in non-urban are as highlights the impact of garbage handling approaches on regional ecological safety. The ecological logistics system of waste management at the regional level should take into account four stages-container separate collection, collection of waste in special vehicles, units of sorting and processing, dumping and recycling (final). Requirements for special vehicles transporting household and hazardous waste at the "entry" and "exit" of the ecological logistics system should ensure the safety of personnel as well as sanitation & epidemiological and environmental safety. It has been established that in the system of regional ecological safety of waste management, hierarchical structural units of local environmental safety and facility environmental safety are allocated. It should be noted that the symbiosis of these two components determines the ecological safety of the region. Keywords: environmental safety, municipal solid waste, environmental hazard, garbage truck, special vehicles, municipal landfill, filtrate, waste recycling.

Files

Similar theses