Golodovska O. Basin principle of management of ecological safety of Western Bug ( a sample is Lviv region)

In the dissertation research an actual scientific practical task is solved: an increase of level of ecological safety of hydrosphere by means of improvement of basin principle of management of ecological safety (a sample is the Western Bug within the boundaries of Lviv region). The estimation of ecological danger from hydrosphere pollution in the basin of Western Bug was done for the first time and it was based on the estimation of profile character of concentration of pollutants, an identification of sources of ecological danger and a development of conformity of innovative technologies, warning polluting the information array as to the formed field of ecological danger. The scale of water use and the dynamics of discharge of return water in to the surface reservoirs of Western Bug have been analyzed. The decrease of water in the West Bug basin by agricultural enterprises was found out. It was due to the decrease of animal amount in private households and decrease of number of agricultural enterprises where the animals were fed and grown up. The increase in water consumption in the systems of reversible and second usage in the basin occurred at the expense of VP "Dobrotvir TPP" it was resulted by increase of power outlet on the enterprise and drainage of purified sewage for replenishment the system repeatedly consecutive water supply of sludge separation. The character of profiles of Western Bug concentration pollution within Lviv region was investigated. It was found out that a vital excess of pollution level compared to maximum permissible concentration as for chemical oxygen consumption, biochemical oxygen consumption 5, by ammonium ions, takes place on the first creation after getting into the Western Bug from Poltva the flows from Lviv sewage treatment plants which are not properly cleared. Maximum permissible concentration of concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first creation which is lower testifies about the partial transferring of zone of aeration and oxidation of ammonium ions and organic pollution from Lviv municipal sewage treatment plants into the Western Bug – till the third creation (the bottom beat of Dobrotvir reservoir). The results of monitoring of water and ground pollution in the river Rata basin testified that nitrogen ammonium, chrome and manganese are the main pollutants 21 being exceeded. The absence of excess as for the both heavy metals in selected samples of soils shows that there is no accumulation of heavy metals in the soils sampling was stated, it testifies about the absence of heavy metal accumulation in the soils, and therefore it testifies the absence of irreversible changes and a possibility to improve the ecological situation in the case of successful implementation of adjusting environmental measures. The identification of main sources of ecological safety and the analysis of ecological safety condition in the Western Bug hydroecosystem was carried out. The main pollutants of hydroecosystem of the Western Bug were identified by the promising technological and administrative measures for the ecological safety minimization. The strategy of modernization of treatment plant of municipal runoff was carried out. The strategy includes the introduction of anaerobic breakdown of silt, removal of trace elements stage (nitrogen and phosphorus), the rational use of the station area of municipal wastewater treatment. The cleaning method of effluents on the processing industry enterprises of little performance from organic pollution with the use reagent methods (the usage of sodium hypochlorite) and the system of technical, organizational and normative and legal measures minimization diffusion contamination of the Western Bug hydroecosystem because of economic activity of the population have been suggested. Keywords: environmental safety, the Western Bug River basin, pollution, concentration profile, treatment facilities, sodium hypochlorite.